A firm finds the coefficient of correlation between y = annual sales and x = annual expenditure on research and development to r = +.095 . Comment on the likely direction of causation, if any, between these variables
Correlation does not necessarily imply causation of any kind. Perhaps sales have increased as a result of better products which came from more money invested in research and development. On the other hand, perhaps the R&D budget is set on past or anticipated sales. It is also very possible that both of these variables have simply increased over time.
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Which of the following is NOT an element of Ott’s notion of organizational culture?
A) Organizational culture is made up of such things as values, beliefs, assumptions, perceptions, behavioral norms, artifacts, and patterns of behavior B) Organizational culture has a process of formally approving or prohibiting behaviors C) Organizational culture is a socially constructed, unseen, and unobservable force behind organizational activities D) Organizational culture is a unifying theme that provides meaning, direction, and mobilization for organization members
MRP is based on dependent demand.
Answer the following statement true (T) or false (F)
An approach to achieving ________ includes preventing defects before they occur.
A) total quality B) cost competitiveness C) sustainability D) innovation E) efficiency
[Bank Statement Woes] While examining her bank statements in July, Ariel found several questionable items and telephoned her bank to sort out the problems. First, Ariel was charged $50 in a recurring direct withdrawal for her yoga class. However, Ariel had notified the bank at 4:30 p.m. the previous day that she wanted to cancel the automatic payment. Second, Ariel noticed two EFT payments in February to a veterinarian in another state, which Ariel is certain she did not authorize, since she does not have a pet. Third, Ariel noticed several EFT payments for a magazine subscription, which Ariel did not authorize and she never received any magazines. Also, Ariel wants to stop payment on an internet order she made two hours ago for an expensive watch.Is Ariel correct that the EFT charge to
the veterinarian should be removed because it was not authorized? A. No, because she did not notify the bank of the errors within 90 days of receiving her bank statement. B. Yes, but only if Ariel can prove that she did not authorize the payment and that she does not own a pet. C. Yes, because Ariel did not authorize the payment. D. No, because she did not notify the bank of the errors within 60 days of receiving her bank statement. E. Yes, because Ariel did not authorize the payment and she notified the bank of the error.