How does the scientific observation of events differ from everyday observation?
a. scientific observations are always correct
b. scientific observations are structured in a systematic fashion
c. scientific observations use highly specialized equipment
d. scientific observations are made by people who have a Ph.D.
e. scientific observations may be interpreted in only one way
b
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Linguistic overextension occurs when a person
a. uses the same word to describe too wide a range of objects. b. initially learns all the letters of the alphabet. c. cannot understand the relationship between the sound for a word and the object it represents. d. uses many words to describe a single object.
Shaping is
a. an event that typically precedes the target response. b. accomplished by reinforcing closer and closer approximations of the desired response. c. a systematic approach to changing behavior through the application of the principles of conditioning. d. a written agreement outlining a promise to adhere to the contingencies of a program.
The transmission of information at the synapse is:
a. chemical b. ontogenetic c. electrical d. all of these
The Gestalt principles of organization:
a. are binocular cues for perceiving three-dimensional objects b. illustrate how illusions lead to inaccurate perceptions c. are rules which help us to organize elements into something that is complete d. were developed by Weber as part of Weber's Law