A child has been diagnosed with Ewing sarcoma and is being started on a chemotherapy protocol. The mother questions the nurse on why more than one drug is being used as it would seem that using fewer drugs would decrease the side effects
The best response by the nurse would include the information that: 1. The child's cancer is a severe form and needs additional drugs to remove the cancer.
2. A protocol is a proven means of treatment.
3. A protocol is used in children but not adults due to the chemotherapy's effect on growth.
4. A protocol involves a group of drugs that work in different modes and have different side effects.
4
Rationale 1: This is not the reason that a protocol is utilized.
Rationale 2: While this information is correct, it does not explain why a protocol is chosen instead of a single drug therapy.
Rationale 3: Protocols are used on children and adults.
Rationale 4: A combination of chemotherapy will be more effective with a lessening of the side effects.
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The nurse is explaining to a client how fluid and electrolytes get from one body compartment to another. Characteristics of transport mechanisms include:
1. Osmosis is the passage of water from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. 2. Diffusion occurs when molecules move across a semipermeable membrane from an area of higher solute concentration to an area of lower solute concentration. 3. Filtration is the process by which water and solutes move across capillary membranes pushed by osmotic pressure. 4. ATP enables the movement of magnesium and potassium ions across cell membranes.
The hallmark of an absence seizure is:
a. No activity at all. b. A blank stare. c. Urine is usually voided involuntarily. d. The attack usually lasts several minutes.
An alcoholic client has been consuming excessive amounts of cola and chocolate. The healthcare provider advises against disproportionate use of over-the-counter preparations containing caffeine
What should the nurse tell the client about the effect of caffeine in the body? A) Causes extreme sleepiness B) Leads to respiratory depression C) Adds to the depressive effect of alcohol D) Decreases the volume of urine
A nursing student asks the nurse how antibodies provide immune suppression. The nurse responds by telling the student that antibodies:
a. block T-cell function. b. boost immune responses. c. reduce proliferation of B cells. d. suppress interferon production.