For each structure described below, choose the cytoskeletal element that it best characterizes: a. microtubules b. microfilaments c. intermediate filaments
________ the cytoskeletal elements with the widest diameter
________ the cytoskeletal elements with the narrowest diameter
_______ double helices of polymerized actin proteins
________ strong fibers of more than a hundred different types
________
hollow tube-like structures made of polymerized tubulin
protein dimers
________
proteins in the nucleus which give shape and support the nuclear envelope
What will be an ideal response?
a the cytoskeletal elements with the widest diameter
b the cytoskeletal elements with the narrowest diameter
b double helices of polymerized actin proteins
c strong fibers of more than a hundred different types
a
hollow tube-like structures made of polymerized tubulin
protein dimers
c
proteins in the nucleus which give shape and support the nuclear envelope
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Cells change the composition of their plasma membranes as a response to changing environments. In general, colder temperatures reduce the fluidity of the membrane, so cells will produce different molecules to bring the fluidity back to normal
How would the cell change the membrane in response to colder temperatures? A. increase the amount of saturated triacylglycerols B. increase the amount of unsaturated fatty acids C. increase the length of the fatty acid side chains in the phospholipids
Explain how ozone (O3) is both beneficial and harmful to life. What will be an ideal response?
Two groups of tomatoes were grown under laboratory conditions, one with humus added to the soil and one a control without humus
The leaves of the plants grown without humus were yellowish (less green) compared with those of the plants grown in the humus-enriched soil. The best explanation for this difference is that _____. A) the healthy plants used the food in the decomposing leaves of the humus for energy to make chlorophyll B) the humus made the soil more loosely packed, so water penetrated more easily to the roots C) the humus contained minerals such as magnesium and iron, needed for the synthesis of chlorophyll D) the heat released by the decomposing leaves of the humus caused more rapid growth and chlorophyll synthesis
A point mutation can be completely harmless, or it can result in the death of a cell or organism. Explain why these types of mutations can have such varying effects
What will be an ideal response?