The nurse is evaluating arterial blood gas results. What condition can cause an increase in HCO3?
a. Renal failure
b. Lactic acidosis
c. Diabetic ketoacidosis
d. Fluid loss from upper gastrointestinal tract
ANS: D
Fluid loss from an upper gastrointestinal tract causes an increase in HCO3. Renal failure, lactic acidosis, and diabetic ketoacidosis cause a decrease in HCO3.
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During patient rounds with the multidisciplinary team, the nurse expresses disagreement with the type of medication prescribed for her patient hospitalized for renal failure. What is the likely result of the nurse's speaking up?
a. Reduces the opportunity for inadvertent error in clinical judgment b. Increases the risk for medical liability when pointing out possible error c. Interferes with the good working relationship among the healthcare team d. Compromises the nurse's reputation as a collaborative team member
Beneficence, respect for human dignity, and justice imply protection from what? Select all that apply
a. Physical harm b. Emotional harm c. Spiritual harm d. Economic harm e. Social harm
The patient has a routine urinalysis done, and the results show protein in the urine. What does the nurse correctly conclude about this result?
1. The patient is in acute renal failure, and needs to be hospitalized. 2. The patient probably has kidney damage; protein should not be present in the urine. 3. There could be a mistake with the results; the patient should have another test done. 4. The results probably mean nothing if the amount of protein is very small.
A nurse has expressed skepticism to a colleague about the value of nursing research, claiming that nursing research has little relevance to practice. How can the nurse's colleague best defend the importance of nursing research?
A) "The existence of nursing research means that nurses are now able to access federal grant money, something that didn't use to be the case." B) "Nursing research has allowed the development of masters and doctoral programs and has greatly increased the credibility of the profession." C) "The growth of nursing research has caused nursing to be viewed as a true profession, rather than simply as a trade or a skill." D) "The application of nursing research has the potential to improve nursing practice and patient outcomes."