Which four states have achieved significant declines in their prison populations by sentencing more drug offenders to probation and reducing their sentences to make them eligible for early parole?
a. Kansas, Michigan, New Jersey and Louisiana
b. Kansas, Colorado, New Jersey and New York
c. Kansas, Michigan, New Jersey and Washington
d. Kansas, Michigan, New Jersey and New York
d
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One of the forerunners of the modern prison system was the "house of correction."
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
Which of the following is associated with zero-tolerance policing?
a. "Broken Windows" theory. b. Aggressive police tactics. c. Police-community relationships. d. A and B only e. None of the above.
Federal sentencing guidelines implemented in 1987:
a. classify offenders into one of six criminal history categories. b. have always been strongly supported by federal judges. c. classify victims into one of four criminal victimization categories. d. classify crimes into twelve categories, and do not adjust those classifications according to the circumstances of the crime.
Answer the following statement(s) true (T) or false (F)
1. Blood lead levels (BLL) are an indicator of biosocial stratification. 2. The decline in crime between 1992 and 2002 could partially be related to efforts to limit childhood lead exposure. 3. Child abusers with exceptional violence have been treated with Depo-Provera. 4. Biosocial theories are currently popular in criminology. 5. Phenotypal expressions directly cause crime.