Multiple treatment interference is a major concern in establishing a functional relationship in an alternating treatments design. Cite two strategies (other than counterbalancing) a researcher may use to reduce the likelihood of multiple treatment interference.
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).
Suggested answer points:First, the researcher could select interventions that are noticeably and substantially different from one another.Second, the researcher could include both preintervention and withdrawal of treatments baseline data to demonstrate the functional relationship.Third, the researcher could end the study with a final (best) treatment phase, particularly if preceded by a withdrawal phase to further demonstrate the functional relationship.
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Schemata are
a. organized mental networks of background knowledge stored in long-term memory. b. diagrams of information provided by the teacher. c. plans for using information. d. none of the above.
Only one of the following statements describes an accurate comparison between behaviorist and social cognitive theories of learning. Which statement is accurate?
a. Both perspectives ignore the role that thought processes play in learning. b. Only social cognitive theorists propose that reinforcement affects observers as well as the individuals actually being reinforced. c. Both behaviorists and social cognitive theorists propose that punishment has little or no effect on behavior. d. Both behaviorists and social cognitive theorists use the concept of extinction to explain what happens when a response is no longer reinforced.
What is a review article that is often found in scientific journals? Define the term.
What will be an ideal response?
Which of the following could be a good response to discipline?
a. hostile noncompliance b. occasional defiance c. negotiation d. passive noncompliance