Explain how the insights of (a) Pythagoras, (b) Hippocrates, and (c) Galen are reflected in the present-day sciences of normal and abnormal behavior.
What will be an ideal response?
Ans: (a) Pythagoras sought to identify the scientific principles underlying behavior; argued that the causes of behavior are not supernatural but are natural and internal to the individual; saw the brain as the organ involved in intellect and mental disorders. (b) Hippocrates emphasized knowledge through observation and discussed the role of the brain at length. (c) Galen described the brain, the cranial nerves, and the sympathetic nervous system; theory of spirits in the blood foreshadowed our modern understanding of the endocrine system.
Learning Objective: 1.4 Summarize the historical influences on modern conceptions of mental disorders.
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Evaluate the contribution of "nature" to perceptual and motor development by reviewing an infant's typical perceptual capabilities and reflexes.
What will be an ideal response?
Two-year-old Matt reaches over and pulls his mother's hair. She responds by saying, "Don't do that. It hurt Mommy!" This type of response qualifies as
a. an inductive technique. b. a power-assertive method. c. withdrawal of love. d. permissive-indulgent parenting.
Suppose that you hear a lecture about memory improvement, and the speaker says, "We must remember the value of desirable difficulties." The speaker is likely to emphasize that
a. academic tests must be difficult enough to differentiate between the students who deserve A's and the students who deserve lower grades. b. professors who want to assess their academic programs must be sure that the courses are sufficiently difficult. c. students' motivation will be higher if they are allowed to select the appropriate level of difficulty for the material in a course they are taking. d. if students test themselves several minutes after learning some material, they will make more errors, which will encourage them to spend more time studying.
What are the three characteristics of effective resumes?
What will be an ideal response?