Shaping occurs when ____
a. ?all methods of conditioning, namely positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, positive punishment, and negative punishment are used to create a new behavior
b. ?animals, as opposed to humans, are taught to do something that they did not do before
c. ?a novel behavior is slowly conditioned by reinforcing successive approximations of the final desired behavior
d. ?a behavior is reinforced repeatedly until it becomes nearly automatic
ANSWER:
c
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