In the fetus and during early puberty, in addition to corticosteroids, the adrenal cortex produces
a. insulin.
b. androgens.
c. ACTH
d. epinephrine.
e. norepinephrine.
B
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What does it mean that the genetic code is
“highly conserved”?
a. it is almost universal and has not changed in millions of years b. it resists modification from environmental mutagens c. organisms can only use it a certain number of times d. all organisms and organelles - without exception - have the exact same genetic code e. the products of the genetic code - proteins - are almost the same in all organisms
Describe the DNA helix structure proposed by Watson and Crick
What is the diameter of the helix and the distance between bases? What types of bonds are involved in stabilizing the DNA backbone, and what types of bonds are found between complementary base pairs? Why would a sequence containing high concentrations of G and C require more energy to break the bonds?
Animals exploit the phospholipid asymmetry of their plasma membrane to distinguish between live cells and dead ones. When animal cells undergo a form of programmed cell death called apoptosis, phosphatidylserine—a phospholipid that is normally confined to the cytosolic monolayer of the plasma membrane—rapidly translocates to the extracellular, outer monolayer. The presence of phosphatidylserine on the cell surface serves as a signal that helps direct the rapid removal of the dead cell. How might a cell actively engineer this phospholipid redistribution?
A. by activating a scramblase and inactivating a flippase in the plasma membrane B. by inverting the existing plasma membrane C. by inactivating a scramblase in the plasma membrane D. by inactivating both a flippase and a scramblase in the plasma membrane E. by boosting the activity of a flippase in the plasma membrane
This type of lipid is found in pigments such as chlorophyll, in the visual pigment retinal, and in rubber.
A. prostaglandin. B. terpene. C. wax. D. phospholipid. E. steroid.