The nurse is teaching a patient who suspects that she has a lump in her breast. The nurse instructs the patient that a diagnosis of breast cancer is confirmed by a:
A) Breast self-examination
B) Mammography
C) Fine-needle aspiration
D) Chest x-ray
Ans: C
Feedback: Fine-needle aspiration and biopsy provide cells for histologic examination to confirm a diagnosis. A breast self-examination, if done regularly, is the most reliable method for detecting breast lumps early. Mammography is used to detect tumors that are too small to palpate. Chest x-rays can be used to pinpoint rib metastasis.
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A 33-year-old female patient with a recent history of visual disturbances and dysphagia has just been diagnosed with myasthenia gravis
The nurse should recognize that this patient's health problem is ultimately attributable to what pathophysiological process? A) Idiopathic overproduction of anticholinesterase B) Autoimmune destruction of acetylcholine receptors C) Demyelination of parasympathetic nerve pathways D) Deficient synthesis of dopamine by the substantia nigra
A nurse can best communicate to a patient an interest in listening by:
a. restating the feeling or thought the patient has expressed. b. asking a direct question, such as "Do you feel guilty?" c. expressing an opinion about the patient's problem. d. saying "I understand what you're saying."
The major difference between the diaphragm and the cervical cap is that the diaphragm:
a. is more effective. b. requires spermicide. c. does not contribute to toxic shock syndrome. d. applies pressure on the urethra.
A nurse is providing care for at-risk minority groups in rural America. Which of the following health care needs are appropriate for the nurse to address? (Select all that apply.)
a. Field sanitation b. Infectious diseases c. Maternal care services d. Oral/dental care e. Chronic diseases