The nurse is concerned that a client being treated with antipsychotic medication for schizophrenia is developing extrapyramidal symptoms. Which assessment findings support the nurse's concern?
Standard Text: Select all that apply.
1. Neck spasms
2. Fidgeting and rocking back and forth in the chair
3. Shuffling gait
4. Lip smacking and rapid eye blinking
5. Diaphoresis and muscle rigidity
Correct Answer: 1,2,3,4
Rationale 1: Acute dystonia involves severe muscle spasms of the neck.
Rationale 2: Akathisia, the inability to rest or relax, is a common extrapyramidal symptom.
Rationale 3: Parkinsonism induced by antipsychotic medications may include a shuffling gait.
Rationale 4: Tardive dyskinesia is characterized by involuntary lip smacking and rapid eye blinking.
Rationale 5: These are not extrapyramidal symptoms.
Global Rationale: Muscle spasms, akathisia, Parkinsonism, and tardive dyskinesia are all examples of extrapyramidal symptoms. Diaphoresis and muscle rigidity are not extrapyramidal symptoms.
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