A behavioral technique that assumes that we are conditioned by environmental forces is ______
a. classical conditioning
b. operant conditioning
c. Maslow’s hierarchy of needs
d. congruence of ideal-self and real-self
Answer: b. operant conditioning
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Group leaders may collaborate with parents and caregivers of students with special needs by doing all of the following except ________
a. facilitate parent/caregiver meetings to discuss issues of concern b. provide information on community support available c. adding a link to the school counseling web page for resources specific to this student population d. provide therapeutic family counseling as needed
Which of the following is true about EMDR as a treatment for children?
a. It has never been experimentally evaluated. b. It involves dreaming about traumatic events while in Rapid Eye Movement (REM) sleep. c. It has been shown to be more effective than placebo in adults, but the mechanism by which it works is unknown. d. It has been shown to be effective in adults but harmful in children.
Which of the following statements are true regarding group membership?
a. Pre-group interviews are not useful at this developmental level. b. There is no such thing as a “too active” group. c. Groups work best when there are five to seven members. d. Consent forms are not required at this age level given the prevalence of elementary level groups in schools.
Greta has had an alcohol substance use problem for several years. Recently, she has been going to a therapist for cognitive behavioral therapy. Greta has now been sober for 6 months. However, last weekend was her high school reunion. While there, she was with friends she used to drink with, and she had one shot of vodka. After that, she was full of guilt and thought to herself, "I’m so stupid. I’m just an addict and I’ll never be cured.” She had four more shots. This is an example of ______.
a. risky relapse b. motivational deficit c. situational cuing d. abstinence violation effect