Excessive blood loss after childbirth can have several causes, the most common of which is:
1. vaginal or vulvar hematomas.
2. unrepaired lacerations of the vagina or cervix.
3. failure of the uterine muscle to contract firmly.
4. retained placental fragments.
3
1. Incorrect. Although this is a possible cause of excessive blood loss, uterine muscle failure (uterine atony) is the most common.
2. Incorrect. Although this is a possible cause of excessive blood loss, uterine muscle failure (uterine atony) is the most common.
3. Correct. Uterine atony can be best thwarted by maintaining good uterine tone and pre-venting bladder distention.
4. Incorrect. Although this is a possible cause of excessive blood loss, uterine muscle failure (uterine atony) is the most common.
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