Sue has a disorder that is produced by an injury to a gene on the X chromosome, producing mild to moderate mental retardation. She has __________
a) Down syndrome
b) Tay-Sachs disease
c) Fragile X syndrome
d) Klinefelter's syndrome
Answer: c
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Brian is motivated. According to the textbook, what must he show to be motivated?
a. Brian's behavior must be instinctual. b. He must direct his energies toward a specific goal. c. As he reaches his goal, his arousal must subside. d. The goal that Brian is working towards must be a general, not specific goal.
The process of comparing yourself to people who you perceive to be doing much better than you are is called ________ social comparison.
A. upward B. conceptual C. downward D. reference-based
As part of a behavior modification program, Mark and his partner decide to praise their daughter if she completes her homework by 9 p.m. every night. In the context of operant conditioning, such praise is an example of
A. positive reinforcement. B. positive punishment. C. negative reinforcement. D. negative punishment.
Zhang notices many people around town wearing leather jackets and receiving compliments about them. He starts to feel positively toward leather jackets too. He even starts saving money to buy one for himself. This example shows how attitudes can be shaped by
A. genetic influences. B. observational learning. C. operant conditioning. D. cognitive consistency.