Which of the following are functions of the hypothalamus? (Select all that apply.)
a. Regulation of body temperature
b. Production of growth hormone
c. Regulation of food and liquid intake
d. Production of epinephrine
e. Production of antidiuretic hormone and oxytocin
f. Regulation of serum calcium levels
ANS: A, C, E
The hypothalamus produces antidiuretic hormone and oxytocin; these hormones are then stored in the posterior pituitary gland. It produces growth hormone–releasing hormone (GHRH), not growth hormone (GH). It regulates food and fluid intake; it is believed to respond to changes in blood nutrient levels or chemicals secreted by adipose tissue and brings about feelings of hunger or fullness. It regulates body temperature by promoting responses such as shivering in a cold environment or sweating in a warm environment. Epinephrine is secreted by the adrenal medulla. Serum calcium levels are controlled by the parathyroid glands.
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