Describe the causes and treatment for xerostomia.
What will be an ideal response?
Xerostomia, or reduced saliva production, is a common side effect of head and neck radiation and chemotherapy (methotrexate, 5-fluorouracil, paclitaxel, carboplatin, cisplatin). Other causes of xerostomia include dehydration, chronic graft-versus-host disease of the GI tract, and certain medications (narcotic analgesics). The severity of xerostomia is correlated with the severity of oral discomfort, dysgeusia, dysphagia, and dysphonia. Drugs used to treat cancer can also thicken the saliva, causing the mouth to feel dry. Treatment of xerostomia may include use of artificial saliva (saliva substitutes) and/or mouth moisturizers.
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Total urine output is the sum of obligatory urine and facultative urine.
Answer the following statement true (T) or false (F)
There is evidence that physically active adults may need more than the current RDA for which of the following vitamins?
A. thiamin, riboflavin, and vitamin B6 B. niacin, biotin, and vitamin B12 C. thiamin, niacin, and folate D. vitamin B6, folate, and vitamin B12
Susan has recently been diagnosed with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. What characteristics are associated with this condition?
a. Tumors in the pancreas or duodenum b. Patient history of NSAID use c. Infection by H. pylori d. Infection with HPV
Ms. Lopez is a widowed 68-year-old Nicaraguan woman, an immigrant who has lived in the United States for ten years. She lives in a second-floor walk-up apartment with her daughter and son-in-law and their four children. Ms. Lopez is admitted to the hospital and is diagnosed with a stroke and has weakness in her left side. She complains of coughing when she drinks and feels that food sometimes
gets caught in her throat. She has diabetes and high blood pressure and is on several oral medications. She does not check her sugar because she does not feel comfortable pricking her finger. Her body mass index (BMI) is 33 . Ms. Lopez is undocumented and uninsured.How does the information gathered from the above disciplines assist the registered dietitian in his/her assessment of the patient? a. It assists the RD in identifying his/her scope of practice. b. The RD utilizes critical thinking skills and incorporates the information gathered from the health care team to problem solve and make decisions. c. The RD does not use much of the above information other than that of the nurse. d. The RD uses the information gathered only when consulted.