What is the relationship between nutritional status and respiratory function? Define respiratory quotient (RQ). What dietary factors affect RQ?
What will be an ideal response?
• In a normal, healthy individual, the respiratory system primarily serves to receive oxygen for cellular metabolism and to expire waste products—primarily carbon dioxide.
• Fuels—carbohydrate, protein, and lipid—are metabolized, utilizing oxygen and resulting in production of carbon dioxide.
• The respiratory quotient (RQ) is the ratio of carbon dioxide produced to the amount of oxygen consumed.
• A normal RQ is 0.85, which indicates a mixed diet of protein, carbohydrate, and fat.
• Either a diet high in carbohydrate that results in production of lipid for fuel storage (i.e., overfeeding) or the situation of hyperventilation results in an RQ ?1.0
• These situations indicate a higher production of carbon dioxide and would require increased respiratory effort to rid the body of this carbon dioxide.
• The primary type of fuel an individual receives can also affect the clinical course of conditions that interfere with normal respiratory function.
• An RQ value of 0.7-0.8 suggests mostly lipid metabolism, while 0.9-1.0 suggests primarily carbohydrate metabolism.
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