Briefly describe the two different approaches to teaching reading
What will be an ideal response?
A good answer would include the following key points:
- Code-based approaches to reading
- Reading is taught by presenting the basic skills that underlie reading.
- Emphasize components of reading, i.e., sounds of letters and their combinations.
- Whole-language approaches to reading
- Viewed as a natural process, similar to oral language acquisition.
- Children learn to read by exposure to complete writing.
- Instead of sounding out words, children use a trial-and-error approach to learn words.
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Because punishment is aversive, people and situations associated with punishment tend to become feared, resented, or disliked through
a. operant conditioning. b. classical conditioning. c. cognitive learning. d. the law of effect.
Answer the following statement(s) true (T) or false (F)
Like other areas of psychology, positive psychology does not need to undergo scientific rigor.
Being the life-of-the-party would be most consistent with having the trait of ____
a. ?psychoticism b. ?sensation seeking c. ?extraversion d. ?neuroticism
One research finding that has challenged Freud's concept of
dreams as wish-fulfillment is the fact that approximately _____ percent of dreams do not seem disguised, but rather are straightforward descriptions of everyday events and problems. A) 50 B) 60 C) 80 D) 90