What causes the edema that occurs during the inflammatory process?
a. Vasodilation of blood vessels
b. Increased capillary permeability
c. Endothelial cell expansion
d. Emigration of neutrophils
Ans: b. Increased capillary permeability
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Due to her progressing osteoarthritis (OA), an 80-year-old woman is no longer able to perform her activities of daily living without assistance
Which of the following phenomena most likely underlies the woman's situation? A) Inappropriate T-cell-mediated immune responses have resulted in articular cartilage degeneration. B) Loss of articular cartilage and synovitis has resulted from inflammation caused when joint cartilage attempted to repair itself. C) Excessive collagen deposits have accumulated in the woman's synovial joints. D) Bone overgrowth in synovial joints has resulted in fusing of adjacent bones that normally articulate.
What is the maximum volume to be given in an adult gluteal intramuscular injection?
1. 0.5 cc 2. 1. cc 3. 2 cc 4. 4 cc
What cause of nipple discharge is the most likely in her circumstance?
A 72-year-old retired saleswoman comes to your office, complaining of a bloody discharge from her left breast for 3 months. She denies any trauma to her breast. Her past medical history includes high blood pressure and abdominal surgery for colon cancer. Her aunt died of ovarian cancer and her father died of colon cancer. Her mother died of a stroke. The patient denies tobacco, alcohol, or drug use. She is a widow and has three healthy children. On examination her breasts are symmetric, with no skin changes. You are able to express bloody discharge from her left nipple. You feel no discrete masses, but her left axilla has a hard, 1-cm fixed node. The remainder of her heart, lung, abdominal, and pelvic examinations are unremarkable. A) Benign breast abnormality B) Breast cancer C) Galactorrhea
Which of the following is true of ophthalmic mast cell stabilizers?
A. They inhibit postsynaptic histamine receptors. B. They stimulate histamine receptors on mast cells. C. They inhibit the release of histamine from mast cells. D. They stimulate eosinophil chemotaxis.