Professor Hebb is studying whether learning is affected by different environments. He raises some rats in cages with many interesting objects to play on and explore. Other rats are raised in isolated, barred cages with none of the interesting objects. Late, Hebb carefully records how many attempts it takes each rat to learn to run a maze with no mistakes. What is the independent variable in this study?
a. how many attempts it takes each rat to learn to run a maze
b. being raised in an interesting or a barrn environment
c. the use of animals versus people
d. the number of rats in the study
Ans: b. being raised in an interesting or a barrn environment
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The ego psychologists emphasized the influence of ____ while de-emphasizing the role of ____.?
a. ?parents; biological forces b. ?conscious forces; unconscious forces c. ?conscious forces; social forces d. ?social forces; biological forces e. the superego; the id?
Though a bad diet is a direct risk factor for diabetes (Hu et al., 2001), research now suggests that this behavior is a major factor as well:
a. not getting enough sleep b. smoking, especially heavy smoking c. not receiving enough sunlight d. using sugar substitutes on food and in drinks such as coffee
Jonathan tripped on a sprinkler during a game of flag football, and felt a sharp pain as he broke his ankle. Later on, after he returned home from the emergency room with a new cast, he felt a dull, aching pain in his broken ankle. Which of the following is the best explanation for Jonathan's experience?
a. The sharp pain resulted from the transmission of messages along C fibers, and as the rate of signaling dropped, the quality of the pain changed to dull and aching. b. The sharp pain resulted from the activation of nociceptors that respond to mechanical injury, whereas the dull pain resulted from the activation of nociceptors that respond to chemicals released by damaged cells. c. The sharp pain resulted from the transmission of messages along C fibers, and the dull pain resulted from the transmission of messages along A? fibers. d. The sharp pain resulted from the transmission of messages along A? fibers, and the dull pain resulted from the transmission of messages along C fibers.
A drug that decreases the activity of neurons within the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex would be expected to
A) induce both positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia. B) induce only the positive symptoms of schizophrenia. C) decrease the levels of dopamine within the nucleus accumbens. D) be an effective treatment for schizophrenia. E) be an effective treatment for thought and language disorders.