A 16-year-old client is seen at the clinic for her monthly prenatal visit. During the visit, the nurse is concerned that she has not been gaining weight. The nurse asks about her daily diet, and also asks about any drug use or alcohol consumption

Question

Initially, the client denied any drug or alcohol use. During the interaction, the nurse explained that drinking during pregnancy can lead to serious problems. Finally the client admits to drinking "a few beers" at parties, but says that her friends said it would not hurt. Appropriate responses by the nurse would be: (Select all that apply.) 1. Alcohol use during pregnancy is toxic to the fetus and can affect normal development.
2. No amount of alcohol has been proven safe to consume during pregnancy.
3. An occasional beer may be safe, but why take a chance with your baby's health?
4. Alcohol can prevent the absorption of nutrients that are important for fetal development.
5. This just shows what kind of a mother you will be.

Answer 1

1, 2, 4
Rationale: The intake of any amount of alcohol is not recommended during pregnancy. Alcohol acts as a direct toxin on the developing fetal brain and can cause permanent neurocognitive damage. Alcohol constricts blood vessels and limits the amount of blood flowing to the placenta. Any alcohol ingested during pregnancy can lead to fetal alcohol spectrum disorder which causes physical defects and mental and behavioral disabilities. Binge drinking places the fetus at greatest risk. Criticizing the young woman will close the doors of communication.