Cnidarians evolved from an ancestral group of
(a) sponges.
(b) protists.
(c) fungi.
(d) plants.
(b) protists.
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Ancestry can be traced by maternal lineage using ____________________, and by paternal lineage using ____________________
Fill in the blank(s) with correct word
Under what environmental conditions would it be MOST advantageous for the photoautotrophic dinoflagellate Peridinium limbatum to reproduce asexually?
A. Increasing concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus caused by fertilizer runoff B. Fluctuating seasonal water temperatures C. Increasing water acidity levels caused by rising concentrations of atmospheric carbon dioxide D. Decreasing light availability caused by an increase in suspended particles
Which subatomic particles of a pigment absorb light?
a. electrons only b. protons only c. neutrons only d. electrons and protons e. protons and neutrons
There are eight total steps in the citric acid cycle, and pyruvate is completely oxidized in steps three
and four. What is the purpose of the last four steps that occur in the cycle?
a. to replenish the supplies of NAD+ and FAD b. to break down glucose into a three-carbon molecule c. to regenerate oxaloacetate to attach another acetate molecule d. to produce ATP by substrate-level phosphorylation e. to produce ATP by oxidative phosphorylation