Summarize criticisms of Kohlberg's theory of moral reasoning.
What will be an ideal response?
- Kohlberg's theory has been criticized because it is based solely on observations within Western cultures.
- Members of industrialized, technically advanced societies move through morality stages faster than members of nonindustrialized countries.
- One explanation for this cultural difference is that Kohlberg's view involves governmental and societal institutions (such as the police and court system), whereas nonindustrialized cultures' morality may be based on the relationship between people in a village.
- Kohlberg's view of moral reasoning also does not explain females' moral judgments because his data was based on males.
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Early research on classical conditioning was performed with dogs. In certain variations of this research, experimenters repeatedly presented dogs with meat powder just after ringing a bell. The dogs (who would naturally salivate after being exposed to meat powder) learned to associate the bell with the meat powder, and began to salivate as soon as they heard the bell. In this research, the dogs'
salivation was ____. a. a conditioned response b. an unconditioned response c. a neutral stimulus d. both an unconditioned response and a conditioned response
In the elaboration likelihood model, peripheral is to as central is to
a. fatigued; alert b. alert; fatigued c. cognition; behavior d. behavior; cognition e. skilled; unskilled
Meghan completes her chores on time and minds her manners because she likes to be helpful. Whenever her parents thank her for what she does, Meghan feels good about herself. Her parents' praises have become part of her
A. self-concept. B. deficiency orientation. C. secondary traits. D. conditions of worth.
What is the difference between a PhD and PsyD?
a. A PsyD only emphasizes psychological practice while the PhD may emphasize both research and practice b. A PhD is a higher level of education c. A PhD only emphasizes psychological practice while the PsyD may emphasize both research and practice d. They are the same