What is the difference between things that are related by cause-and-effect versus things related by correlations? Give examples of things related in each way
"Cause and effect" describes a situation where one factor causes another factor. Examples: Consuming excess energy causes weight gain; dropping a glass on a tile floor causes it to break; overcooking a food causes it to burn.
When two factors are correlated, a change in one is related to, but does not cause, a change in the other. Examples: The time spent watching TV is correlated with obesity in children. Driving at excess speeds is correlated with the likelihood of having an accident. The time that raw meat is left at room temperature is associated with the likelihood of it spoiling.
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Factors other than behavior, such as ethnicity and gender, can also affect your wellness and risk for certain diseases
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
Indirect calorimetry measures ________and _______ to estimate energy expenditure.
a. food consumed, heat produced b. food consumed, water excreted c. oxygen consumed, carbon dioxide expired d. oxygen consumed, sweat produced
Which of the following is true for a high-kcal diet?
A. To gain weight wisely, one needs to continue to eat healthful foods, but in greater amounts B. Select foods that are high in simple carbohydrates with moderate amounts of protein C. High-fat diets present no problems for individuals with high blood lipid levels D. Foods should be selected for high-kcal content alone
Obesity in children is defined as having a BMI ____ percentile on the CDC growth chart
a. above the 50th b. above the 75th c. above the 85th d. above the 95th