The principle of disinfection to reduce HAIs (healthcare associated infections) among patients was initially introduced by
A) L. Pasteur and R. Koch.
B) I. Semmelweis and J. Lister.
C) P. Erhlich and A. Fleming.
D) J. Snow and R. Koch.
E) E. Jenner and L. Pasteur.
B
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
Section: The Golden Age of Microbiology
Learning Outcome: 1.16
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The use of bacteriophage to treat human infections is referred to as phage ________.
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).
Reactions that require CO2 take place in _____
A) the light reactions alone B) the Calvin cycle alone C) both the light reactions and the Calvin cycle D) neither the light reactions nor the Calvin cycle E) the chloroplast, but not as part of photosynthesis
Researchers studying the rigidity and flexibility of the cell envelope used chemotaxis to measure the ability of microbes to squeeze through tight spaces. E. coli, a gram-negative bacterium, was able to traverse narrower channels than B. subtilis, a gram-positive microbe, even though both cells are the same size when grown without restriction. E. coli has the more flexible cell envelope because
A. it has only a single membrane. B. lipopolysaccharide has no charge. C. it has fewer flagella. D. there is less structural carbohydrate. E. there are fewer protein receptors.
The least oxygenated blood is indicated by the letter ____
a. A b. B c. C d. D e. E