The nurse is caring for a patient experiencing an acute exacerbation of multiple sclerosis (MS). Which pathophysiological change should the nurse recognize as causing the manifestations of MS?
a. Myelin buildup in the central nervous system
b. Demyelination and destruction of nerve fibers
c. Gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) deficiency
d. Reduced acetylcholine receptors with impaired nerve impulse transmission
ANS: B
In multiple sclerosis, the myelin sheath begins to break down or degenerates as a result of the activation of the body's immune system. The nerve becomes inflamed and edematous. Nerve impulses to the muscles slow down. As the disease progresses, sclerosis or scar tissue damages the nerve. A. Myelin does not build up. C. GABA is an inhibitory neurotransmitter. D. Acetylcholine receptors are damaged in myasthenia gravis.
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A patient with diabetes and hypothyroidism is being admitted to an assisted living facility
During the admission assessment, the patient reports difficulty falling asleep. The nurse shows an understanding of sleep dysfunction and the older patient when asking: a. "Have you ever been prescribed a sleeping medication?" b. "How do you feel about leaving your home to live here?" c. "How long have you been a diabetic?" d. "Are you taking medication for your thy-roid problem?
A nurse is employed as a medical information system (MIS) trainer at a hospital where a new computerized record system is being installed
According to the Security Rule of HIPAA, which of the following should be implemented to help ensure the security of client records? 1. Give each unit unique passwords. 2. Install a firewall. 3. Store computer-generated materials in a locked vault. 4. Turn monitors away from view when unattended.
Organize these events in chronological order, beginning with the earliest (1) and ending with the most recent (5)
1) During the Crusades, religious orders provided nursing care to the sick. 2) Florence Nightingale administered care to British soldiers during the Crimean War. 3) Clara Barton organized the American Red Cross. 4) Mary Elizabeth Mahoney graduated from the New England Hospital for Women and Children in 1879 as America's first African American nurse. 5) Margaret Sanger advocated for contraception and family planning in the United States. A) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 B) 1, 2, 4, 3, 5 C) 1, 2, 4, 5, 3 D) 1, 2, 3, 5, 4 E) 2, 1, 4, 3, 5
What medication is the most effective choice for treating pain associated with sickle cell crisis in a newly admitted 5-year-old child?
a. Morphine c. Ibuprofen b. Acetaminophen d. Midazolam