What is corporate liability? List and define the tests that are used to determine whether a corporation should be held criminal liable. Why do we hold corporations criminally liable? How can a corporation possess a criminal intent?
What will be an ideal response?
Corporate liability is the imposition of vicarious liability to corporations or corporate officers. There are two primary tests for determining whether a corporation should be held criminally liable: (1) Respondeat superior or the responsibility of the superior – a corporation may be held liable for the conduct of an employee who commits a crime within the scope of his or her employment who possesses the intent to benefit the corporation; (2) Model Penal Code section 2.07 – criminal liability is imposed in those instances that the criminal conduct is authorized, requested, commanded, performed, or recklessly tolerated by the board of directors or by a high managerial official acting on behalf of the corporation within the scope of his or her office or employment. We hold corporations criminally liable because it is presumed that employers should properly supervise their employees.
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According to Richter Moore, Jr., in the future, legislators will increasingly oppose decriminalization and legalization of criminal activities like gambling, drug trafficking, and prostitution
a. True b. False
Which of the following is not true regarding the media construction of crime?
a. The media construction of crime will define what are thought to be the causes of crime. b. The media construction of crime will define what acts are regarded as criminal. c. The media construction of crime will reduce the seriousness of the crime. d. The media construction of crime will identify what policies of crime control should be adopted.
According to the text, ____ are slightly more likely to engage in violent crimes, while ____ are slightly more likely to engage in property crimes.
a. Whites, Blacks b. Whites, Asians c. Blacks, Latinos d. Blacks, Whites
Explain how environmental factors would influence a police officer's use of discretion. Do you think environmental factors are important in discretionary decision making? Why or why not?
What will be an ideal response?