An increase in PCO2 in the blood results in the formation of bicarbonate in the red blood cell. Because bicarbonate carries a negative charge (anion), the removal of negatively charged molecule from the red blood cell is required to prevent an electrochemical imbalance across the cell membrane. This problem is avoided by
A. movement of chloride molecules out of the red blood cell.
B. movement of chloride molecules into the red blood cell.
C. movement of sodium molecules out of the red blood cell.
D. both movement of sodium molecules out of the red blood cell and movement of chloride molecules into the red blood cell are correct
Answer: B
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Which of the following is the BEST example of herd immunity?
A. A child infected with measles travels from Germany to the United States. Several babies contract the disease, but the outbreak is largely contained due to vaccinations. B. Certain populations of cattle are less susceptible to infection with encephalitis because of their genetic makeup. C. Once a certain threshold of individuals has been infected with a novel human pathogen, it is unlikely that any more will be. D. Geese and chickens are infected with different strains of influenza because they express different receptors on their cell surface. E. When infection spreads through a population, certain individuals generate stronger immune responses than others.
Antihistamines act through which mechanism?
a. Liquefying pulmonary secretions b. Increasing secretions, reducing viscosity, and aiding in expectoration of sputum c. Suppressing coughing d. Competitively antagonizing histamine1 receptor sites e. Constricting blood vessels in the respiratory tract
The United States has a relatively small percentage of the world's population but uses one-fourth of the world's energy.
Answer the following statement true (T) or false (F)
Alternating Bent-Leg Sit-Ups strain the ____
a. neck disks b. bent knee c. lower back d. shoulders e. intervertebral disks