A nurse's manager has suggested that a nurse formulate a PICO question to clarify the topic before doing a literature review. When the nurse asks what the acronym PICO stands for, how should the nurse manager respond?
a. Policy, information, comparison, outcome
b. Patient, information, collection, outcome
c. Patient, intervention, comparison, outcome
d. Policy, intervention, communication, outcome
C
P: Patient population of interest. Identify patients by age, gender, ethnicity, disease, or health problem.
I: Intervention of interest. Which intervention do you want to use in practice (e.g., a treatment, diagnostic test, educational approach)?
C: Comparison of interest. What is the usual standard of care or current intervention that you now use in practice?
O: Outcome. What result do you wish to achieve or observe as a result of an intervention (e.g., change in patient behavior, physical finding, patient perception)?
Policy, information, comparison, collection, and communication are not included in PICO.
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