_____ believed that human emotional expressions were part of a long evolutionary history.
a. Skinner
b. Thomas and Chess
c. Darwin
d. Rothbart
Answer: c. Darwin
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A common criticism of genetic research is that
a. chromosomal aberrations cannot be accurately identified. b. no single gene has been shown to impact behavior. c. it tells us too little about epigenesis. d. it is too reliant on conditioned learning processes.
Which of the following is a correct statement concerning male-female differences in psychological reactions to stress?
a. the proposal males and females differ in their behavioral reactions to stress is controversial b. sex differences in response to stress occur only in humans c. there is no evidence the differences are due to differences in the male and female brain d. most research on the behavioral component of the stress response is on women
Which of the following statements is true about observational learning?
A. Models who are rewarded for a behavior are more apt to be mimicked than are models who receive punishment. B. Observing the punishment of a model necessarily stops observers from learning the model's behavior. C. It primarily refers to learning a new behavior but not demonstrating until some incentive is provided for displaying it. D. It mainly occurs as a result of prior reinforcement, as proposed by strict operant conditioning theorists.
One reason that emerging adulthood has been proposed as a key period for the expression of resilience is because emerging adults
a. have not yet made the commitments that structure adult life. b. are impervious to life changes. c. are unable to leave unhealthy, high-risk family environments. d. are too busy at work and school to experience stress.