A muscle precursor cell expressing the MyoD1 gene would be considered to be
A. pluripotent.
B. determined.
C. differentiated.
D. totipotent.
Clarify Question
· What is the key concept addressed by the question?
· What type of thinking is required?
· What key words does the question contain and what do they mean?
Gather Content
· What do you already know about determination and differentiation?
Consider Possibilities · Consider the different answer options. Which can you rule out?
Choose Answer
· Given what you now know, what information and/or problem solving approach is most likely to produce the correct answer?
Reflect on Process
· Did your problem-solving process lead you to the correct answer? If not, where did the process break down or lead you astray? How can you revise your approach to produce a more desirable result?
B. determined.
Clarify Question
· What is the key concept addressed by the question?
o This question addresses determination and differentiation.
· What type of thinking is required?
o This question is asking you to take what you already know and apply it to this unfamiliar situation.
· What key words does the question contain and what do they mean?
o A muscle precursor cell is a cell that has become commiteed to becoming a muscle cell, but has not yet become a muscle cell.
o The MyoD1 gene is the gene expressed by muscle precursor cells. It encodes a transcription factor that binds to the promoters of muscle-determining genes to initiate the changes into a muscle cell.
Gather Content
· What do you already know about determination and differentiation?
o The process of determination commits a cell to a particular developmental pathway prior to its differentiation.
o Differentiation is the process where gene expression leads to permanent changes in cell structure and morphology.
Consider Possibilities · Consider the different answer options. Which can you rule out?
o Would you call a muscle precursor cell differentiated? No, because that would mean that it has developed into the final cell morphology.
o Would you call a muscle precursor cell pluripotent? No, because that would mean it could turn into a variety of cell types.
o Would you call a muscle precursor cell totipotent? No, because that would mean it could turn into any cell type.
Choose Answer
· Given what you now know, what information and/or problem solving approach is most likely to produce the correct answer?
o Would you call a muscle precursor cell determined? Yes, because that means that it is committed to a developmental path but not yet differentiated.
Reflect on Process
· Did your problem-solving process lead you to the correct answer? If not, where did the process break down or lead you astray? How can you revise your approach to produce a more desirable result?
o This question asked how to describe a muscle precursor cell.
o The question required you to take what you already know and apply it to this unfamiliar situation.
o Did you recognize that since a muscle precursor cell is committed to becoming a muscle, it is not pluripotent or totipotent?
o Did you realize that since a muscle precursor cell is not yet turned into a muscle cell, it is determined but not yet differentiated?
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A recent study suggests the surprising idea that intestinal goblet cells present food antigens to dendritic cells to induce tolerance to food molecules. Thus, goblet cell dysfunction may be a cause of food allergies. If this is true, it illustrates the importance of coordination between which two organ systems?
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