According to the article Kids Say the Darndest Thingsabout children's memories, the participants in the Sam
Stone study were
(a) a group of children followed over the years from preschool to high school
(b) a fifth grade class in an urban school
(c) preschoolers 3 to 5 years old
(d) high school students from 14 to 18 years old
C
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In operant conditioning, what is meant by "chaining"?
a. Reinforcing a behavior by the opportunity to do the next behavior b. Teaching one animal, which then demonstrates the response for the next animal c. Providing a sequence of reinforcements after a single response d. Electrically stimulating a sequence of brain areas to produce a given response
Travis saw a television advertisement in which a cell phone service provider showed pleasant family scenes while some relaxing music played in the background. Later, when Travis is asked about this particular provider, he has a positive attitude toward their service, even though he actually uses a different cell phone service. Travis's attitude appears to have developed through the process of
a. cognitive dissonance. b. classical conditioning. c. observational learning. d. operant conditioning.
Discuss the leading theories on the biological perspectives on dreaming.
What will be an ideal response?
Dement reported that when sleepers are repeatedly awakened during REM sleep:
a. they learn not to dream b. there is no change in their dreaming pattern c. there is a slight increase in dreaming d. REM rebound occurs