The psychology of motivation can be best summarized as the study of
A) how decisions are made.
B) the processes underlying goal-directed behavior.
C) the libido's effects on behavior.
D) how rewards and punishments affect behavior.
Answer: B
Rationale: The study of motivation concerns the physiological and psychological processes underlying the initiation of behaviors that direct organisms toward specific goals. These initiating factors, or motives, include the thoughts, feelings, sensations, and bodily process that lead to goal-directed behavior.
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A. phenotype B. allele C. X chromosome D. Y chromosome
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a. ethnic bias b. a conditioned response c. prejudice d. stereotype threat
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A. the Müllerian system develops normally, but the Wolffian system does not. B. the Wolffian system develops normally, but the Müllerian system does not. C. both the Wolffian and Müllerian systems develop fully. D. neither the Wolffian nor the Müllerian systems develop fully.
_____ is the tendency to explain one's own successes in terms of internal attributes, but blame one's failures on external causes
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