Small circular molecules of “extra” DNA in bacteria
a. are plasmids.
b. are DNA fragments from their main
chromosome.
c. result from the activity of restriction enzymes.
d. are eventually degraded.
e. are none of these.
Answer: a
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When there is no arabinose available in the environment, the AraC protein acts as a(n) ________ for the E. coli ara operon.
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).
Identify three of the five basic themes in biology:I
The cellular composition of life II. The evolution of life III. The interactions of living systems IV. The mechanisms of disease V. The transmission of information a. I, II, and III b. II, III, and IV c. III, IV, and V d. I, IV, and V e. II, III, and V
Alexander Oparin and John Haldane postulated that the early atmosphere was a reducing atmosphere. Why was this prediction an important one?
a. because the molecules contain the maximum possible number of protons that can be easily donated in reactions that lead to synthesis of complex molecules b. because the molecules contain the minimum possible number of electrons that can be easily donated in reactions that lead to synthesis of complex molecules c. because the molecules contain the maximum possible number of protons that can be easily accepted in reactions that lead to synthesis of complex molecules d. because the molecules contain the maximum possible number of electrons that can be easily donated in reactions that lead to synthesis of complex molecule
____ is the first stage of aerobic respiration and fermentation.
A. Anaerobic B. Substrate-level phosphorylation C. Glycolysis D. Cellular respiration E. Pyruvate