The evolution of eukaryotic cells most likely involved _____
A) endosymbiosis of an aerobic bacterium in a larger host cellâ€"the endosymbiont evolved into mitochondria
B) anaerobic archaea taking up residence inside a larger bacterial host cell to escape toxic oxygenâ€"the anaerobic bacterium evolved into chloroplasts
C) an endosymbiotic fungal cell evalving into the nucleus
D) acquisition of an endomembrane system and subsequent evolution of mitochondria from a portion of the Golgi
Answer: A
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The text discusses what types of morphological characteristics were used by early scientists to arrive at the phylogeny of animals. DNA sequence data have helped in the revision of phlyogenies of taxa within the larger groups
(i.e., bilaterians, sponges, cnidarians). Why are characteristics like "fate of the blastopore" or "body symmetry" relatively good at predicting larger-scale branching patterns on phylogenies? A. The development of these characteristics is controlled genetically, so similarities in DNA sequence would be expected in more closely related taxa. B. Characteristics like those described are necessary for living, so all organisms must have those traits. C. All animals are descended from a common ancestor that had the traits described above. D. The development of these characteristics is controlled genetically, so DNA sequences for important genes would be the same between closely related taxa.
Which of the following is a reversible post-translational covalent modification?
_____ Phosphorylation _____ Acetylation _____ Disulfide bond formation _____ Proteolytic processing _____ Attachment of a sugar
The left side of the heart contains which of the following?
a. pulmonary artery b. tricuspid valve c. oxygenated blood d. deoxygenated blood
A culture medium on which only salt tolerant Gram-positive organisms grow and the colonies are a mixture of pink and yellow is called a(n):
a. Selective medium b. Differential medium c. Enriched medium d. a and b e. b and c