Rules that define acceptable and expected behavior for members of various groups are called
a. social norms.
b. cultural laws.
c. universal norms.
d. cultural relational behaviors.
ANSWER: a
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When reinforcement for each approximation of the target behavior is eliminated ____________ occurs, and a ____________ behavior is then reinforced
a. an extinction burst; novel b. spontaneous recovery; desirable c. punishment; desirable d. conditioning; prior
Recent evidence suggests that opiates kill pain because they
A. create excitation in some parts of the cerebral cortex. B. activate gate-control mechanisms. C. stimulate receptors normally activated by endorphins. D. block the receptor sites of the body's natural painkillers.
The United States has a lower teenage pregnancy rate than England and Canada
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
Which of the following is an advantage of within-subjects designs over between-subjects designs?
a. carry-over effects are more likely b. they require fewer participants c. they have less power d. confounding is less likely e. participants are assigned to conditions randomly