Individuals in tribal and village societies who have received little or no formal schooling ________.
A. usually outperform same-age peers from Western cultures on formal operational tasks
B. perform formal reasoning tasks accurately, and are better able to inhibit activation of well-learned knowledge
C. perform well on propositional tasks, but do poorly in hypothetico-deductive reasoning
D. rarely do well on tasks typically used to assess formal operational reasoning
Answer: D
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