Which of the following is an example of proactive inhibition?

a) A North American driver who is used to driving on the right side of the road has difficulty driving in England where they drive on the left.
b) A student forgets the name of last year's teachers when meeting this year's instructors.
c) A student says each letter of the alphabet while trying to think of an old friend's last name.
d) Emily can play her first song on the violin very well, until she learns a second song. After learning the second song she has trouble remembering the first.


a Proactive inhibition refers to the decreased ability to learn new information (driving on the left side of the road) caused by interference from existing knowledge (driving on the right side of the road).

Education

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