A nurse assesses clients on the medical-surgical unit. Which client is at greatest risk for the development of bacterial cystitis?
a. A 36-year-old female who has never been pregnant
b. A 42-year-old male who is prescribed cyclophosphamide
c. A 58-year-old female who is not taking estrogen replacement
d. A 77-year-old male with mild congestive heart failure
ANS: C
Females at any age are more susceptible to cystitis than men because of the shorter urethra in women. Postmenopausal women who are not on hormone replacement therapy are at increased risk for bacterial cystitis because of changes in the cells of the urethra and vagina. The middle-aged woman who has never been pregnant would not have a risk potential as high as the older woman who is not using hormone replacement therapy.
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