Describe the three major organizational models
Three major organizational models that management theorists have studied are the
mechanistic, organismic, and cultural models of organizations.
1) The mechanistic model views an organization as a tool or a machine designed
solely to create profits for its owners. Work is reduced to elementary tasks with a
focus on efficiency, conformity, and compliance.
2) The organismic model views organizational systems as living organisms that
depend on their environments for resources and adjust the behavior of their parts to
maintain the properties of the whole within acceptable limits. This model assumes
that systems goals, such as the need to survive, displace performance goals, such
as profit.
3) The cultural model views an organization as a collection of cooperative
agreements entered into by individuals with free will. The organization's culture
and social environment are enacted or socially constructed by organization
members. From the perspective of this model, the goal of an organization is to
serve the diverse needs of all whom it affects—its stakeholders.
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Leadership actions or managerial practices NOT normally taken to foster a results-oriented, high-performance culture include
A. using motivational techniques and compensation incentives to inspire employees. B. building morale and fostering pride. C. treating employees as individuals with no regard for their rank or contributions. D. using the tools of benchmarking, best practices, business process reengineering, TQM, and Six Sigma to focus attention on continuous improvement. E. setting stretch objectives and clearly communicating expectations for reaching targets.
Management reporting is often called discretionary reporting because it is not mandated as is financial reporting
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
Identify what kind of sentence this is: Enter your phone number
a. exclamatory b. declarative c. imperative
Debbie, along with Mick and Rory, decided to start a new catering business. She invested her time, money, and efforts in the project, and she directly managed the business development process. In this scenario, Debbie is most likely a(n) _____.
A. franchisor B. entrepreneur C. client D. fundraiser