The male sex hormone testosterone is secreted in response to a hormone secreted by the _____
a. testes c. pituitary gland
b. ovaries d. pancreas
C
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A researcher has a petri dish containing several species of bacteria, but no viruses. She notices that the population of E. coli in her petri dish has no antibiotic resistance
Two weeks later, she reassesses the bacteria and finds that the E. coli have acquired antibiotic resistance. How could this have happened? A. E. coli acquired the genes conveying antibiotic by conjugation with other bacterial cells. B. E. coli acquired the genes conveying antibiotic by transformation. C. Spontaneous mutations conveying antibiotic-resistance arose in the E. coli population of the petri dish. D. All of these answer options are correct.
Your colleagues are attempting to study the citric acid cycle in the lab. To do so, they have dissolved oxaloacetate in water, then stirred in sufficient quantities of every required enzyme, coenzyme, and oxidizing agent, before adding ADP and acetyl CoA. After waiting a sufficient period of time, they test the solution for ATP and are disappointed to find significantly less ATP than expected. What is the flaw in their experiment?
a. Pyruvate dehydrogenase is not water soluble and is unable to convert pyruvate into acetyl CoA outside mitochondria. b. Stirring the solution will introduce oxygen molecules, which will bond to ADP, preventing further phosphorylation. c. Without subsequent pathways to oxidize NADH and FADH2, no NAD+ and FAD are available to continue the cycle. d. ADP molecules spontaneously dephosphorylate in the presence of acetyl CoA outside of mitochondria.
Proteins that distinguish among serovars of gram-negative bacteria are found in which structures?
a) Fimbriae b) Pili c) Flagella d) Axial filaments
Why are viral genomes typically smaller than bacterial genomes?
a. Viral particle size limits genome size. b. Viruses must replicate quickly. c. RNA is unstable. d. A and B. e. A, B, and C.