The round ligament of the liver is the fibrous remanat of which of the following structures?

(a) umbilical vein
(b) ductus venosus
(c) ductus arteriosus
(d) umbilical artery
(e) urachus


Ans: (a) umbilical vein

Anatomy & Physiology

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Define Golgi tendon organs and muscle spindles relative to the stretch reflex.

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Billy has been serving in a noncombat position in the army for two years and has just been informed that he is leaving on a combat mission tomorrow. Billy is feeling very stressed. How has his endocrine system responded to this bad news? Which hormones are involved, and what effects do they have?

What will be an ideal response?

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Which of the following is NOT a consequence of sickle-cell anemia?

A. Sickle-shaped red blood cells are less likely to rupture. B. Tissue damage from decreased blood supply. C. Sickle-shaped red blood cells can become lodged in capillaries. D. Red blood cells take on the sickle shape when oxygen levels are low.

Anatomy & Physiology