Loss of tumor suppression in a cell usually results from
A) a translocation of a tumor suppressor gene.
B) an inversion involving a tumor suppressor gene.
C) a deletion of a tumor suppressor gene.
D) activation of a proto-oncogene by a virus.
C) a deletion of a tumor suppressor gene.
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The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) uses RNA, rather than DNA, to encode genetic information. During infection, however, HIV uses an enzyme known as reverse transcriptase to generate double-stranded DNA. Generally speaking, how would the enzyme generate a double strand of DNA from a single strand of RNA?
A. Reverse transcriptase first catalyzes the synthesis of a DNA copy from the viral RNA, and then catalyzes the synthesis of a second strand of DNA complementary to the first one. B. Reverse transcriptase first catalyzes the synthesis of a RNA copy from the viral DNA, and then catalyzes the synthesis of a second strand of DNA complementary to the first one. C. Reverse transcriptase first catalyzes the synthesis of a DNA copy from the viral RNA, and then catalyzes the synthesis of a second strand of DNA from the viral RNA.
A number of mutations have been described in G proteins that have profound effects on their activity. For example, some mutations greatly increase the affinity of the G protein for GDP making it very difficult to be exchanged for GTP
Other mutations prevent the hydrolysis of GTP to GDP. Which of the following scenarios would still result in a proliferation signal via the kinase cascade in the absence of ligand binding to its receptor tyrosine kinase? A. A continuously active receptor and an inactive Map kinase pathway B. A Ras molecule that has no GTPase activity C. A continuously inactive MAP kinase pathway and an inactive Ras D. A continuously active Ras and an inactive MAP kinase pathway E. A continuously activated receptor in the absence of ligand
What type of neuron is responsible for carrying electrical signals AWAY from the CNS to elicit a response in the body?
A. sensory neuron B. motor neuron C. interneuron D. glial cell E. All of these choices are correct.
_________ is the flow of alleles in and out of a population as a result of the migration of individuals or gametes
A. Natural selection B. Mutation C. Genetic drift D. Gene flow