Maintaining bodily processes at a state of equilibrium is known as achieving ____
a. ?homeostasis
b. ?homogeneity
c. ?arousal
d. ?impulse control
ANSWER:
a
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Ayse and Ali are discussing the causes of the high rate of depression among women. Ali points out how early childhood environment affects women's depression when they encounter stress later in life. On the other hand, Ayse thinks that higher rates of depression among women are solely due to oppression of women in a male-dominated society. Ali seems to adopt a ____ approach, whereas Ayse seems to
adopt a ____ approach to causes of depression. a. ?biological; psychological b. ?diathesis-stress; psychological c. ?sociocultural; psychological d. ?diathesis-stress; sociocultural
In a shuttle box, a dog first learns, through classical conditioning to fear the buzzer because the buzzer is associated with shock. Each time the buzzer sounds, the dog becomes fearful of the upcoming shock. By jumping to the "safe" compartment, the dog can end the unpleasant fear it feels. This "jumping" to reduce the fear and shock occurs due to
a. positive punishment. b. negative reinforcement. c. response cost. d. insight learning.
It is WRONG to attribute nonshared environmental influences (NSE) to siblings' unique genes because
a. living in the same home is a shared experience. b. no one knows what strange genotypes identify aliens. c. monozygous twins still show NSE effects. d. parents and children have distinctive genotypes.
Which of the following statements about stranger wariness is true?
A. The pattern of stranger wariness is the same for infants across all cultures. B. Stranger wariness is less common among North American infants. C. Twin studies suggest that stranger wariness is determined by culture and not genetics. D. Stranger wariness can modify infants' drive to explore as they adapt to various circumstances.