Bell is shown a set of jars and is asked to arrange a group of them from shortest to tallest. This is a test for
a. classification.
b. conservation.
c. seriation.
d. centration.
c
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The method for increasing behaviors that allow an organism to escape or avoid an unpleasant consequence is referred to as ____
a. ?positive punishment b. ?positive reinforcement c. ?negative punishment d. ?negative reinforcement
Research on peer victimization shows that __________
A) most bullies who engage in face-to-face verbal attacks are girls B) school codes against bullying are rarely effective at reducing peer victimization C) aggression and victimization are not polar opposites D) chronic victims tend to be active when passive behavior is expected
Intellectual disability is a condition of limited mental ability in which an individual has an IQ of ________ and has difficulty adapting to everyday life.
A. 140 or above B. 110 C. 95 D. 70 or below
The textbook lists all of the following as problems with the concept of hardiness EXCEPT
a. It could be that the three components of hardiness – control, commitment, and challenge – could be separate components rather than aspects of a single personality type. b. It could be that hardiness is not a unique concept, but that it overlaps with other concepts such as dispositional optimism. c. Hardiness could be a simple self-fulfilling prophecy. If an individual believes she or he will get sick less, then that may come to pass. d. It looks like hardiness is related to lower levels of illness and distress, but we don’t know why. It could be due to a bias in how people fill out self-report questionnaires.