In a given research study, the findings reveal that as A increases, B also increases, that the relationship is linear, and that the strength of the relationship is 0.78. What type of relationship is this? (Select all that apply.)
a. Positive
b. Negative
c. Inverse
d. None
e. Causational
f. Correlational
ANS: A, F
Correlational research examines a linear relationship between two or more variables and determines the type (positive or negative) and degree (strength) of the relationship. The strength of a relationship varies from –1 (perfect negative correlation) to +1 (perfect positive correlation), with 0 indicating no relationship. The positive relationship indicates that the variables vary together—that is, the two variables either increase or decrease together. The negative or inverse relationship indicates that the variables vary in opposite directions; thus, as one variable increases, the other variable decreases.
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