How does the type of body fat and the distribution of that fat affect the risk of degenerative diseases?
What will be an ideal response?
The location of fat on the body may influence health as much, or more than, total fat alone. Visceral fat that is stored around the organs of the abdomen is referred to as central obesity or upper-body fat. Much research supports the widely held belief that central obesity—significantly and independently of BMI—contributes to heart disease cancers, diabetes, and related deaths.
Visceral fat is most common in men and to a lesser extent in women past menopause. Even when total body fat is similar, men have more visceral fat than women. Subcutaneous fat around the hips and thighs, sometimes referred to as lower-body fat, is most common in women during their reproductive years, and is associated with lower heart disease risks.
Central obesity may raise the risk of heart attack and stroke as much as the three leading risk factors (high LDL cholesterol, hypertension, and smoking) do. In addition to body fat, weight gain also increases the risk of cardiovascular disease. Weight loss, on the other hand, can effectively reverse atherosclerosis and lower both blood cholesterol and blood pressure in overweight and obese people. Of course, lean and normal-weight people may also have high blood cholesterol and blood pressure, and these factors are just as dangerous in lean people as in obese people. Obese people who do not have high blood cholesterol, high blood pressure, or other indicators of heart disease tend to have more a favorable fat distribution and may be described as “metabolically healthy” with lower risks for heart disease.
Type 2 diabetes is three times more likely to develop in an obese person than in a nonobese person. Furthermore, the person with type 2 diabetes often has central obesity. Central-body fat cells appear to be larger and more insulin-resistant than lower-body fat cells. The association between insulin resistance and obesity is strong, and both are major risk factors for the development of type 2 diabetes.
You might also like to view...
Mrs. P is a 95 yo F who is a resident of a long-term care facility. The wound nurse was doing her rounds and noticed that Mrs. P has developed a partial thickness loss of dermis, open ulcer with a red-pink wound bed. She is 5'2" and weighs 109 #s. Mrs. P's intake is good as per nurse and care technicians. The wound nurse schedules a nutrition consultation for Mrs. P and discusses her finding with
you. How many milliliters of fluid per kilogram of body weight does she need? a. 20 b. 25 c. 30 d. 40
The disaccharide ____ requires the enzyme ____ to be broken down in the small intestine
A. Maltose; lactase B. Lactose; lactase C. Sucrose; lactaid D. Lactase; lactose
________________________ is the porous bone that makes up the inner part of flat, short, and irregular bones and the shafts of long bones. This type of bone tissue, sometimes called spongy bone, is especially susceptible to loss of density with age, poor nutritional status, and hormonal imbalance
a. Trabecular bone b. Cortical bone c. Cartilage
The chemicals found in foods that are critical to human growth and function are called
A) carcinogens. B) antibodies. C) nutrients. D) bacteria.