Mitochondria are thought to have evolved from:

A. amoeba.
B. heterotrophic protists.
C. chloroplasts.
D. cyanobacteria.
E. proteobacteria.


E

Biology & Microbiology

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Researchers studying the rigidity and flexibility of the cell envelope used chemotaxis to measure the ability of microbes to squeeze through tight spaces.  E. coli, a gram-negative bacterium, was able to traverse narrower channels than B. subtilis, a gram-positive microbe, even though both cells are the same size when grown without restriction.  E. coli has the more flexible cell envelope because

A. it has only a single membrane. B. lipopolysaccharide has no charge. C. it has fewer flagella. D. there is less structural carbohydrate. E. there are fewer protein receptors.

Biology & Microbiology

During Darwin's voyage, he noticed that the finches had developed unique traits that suited them to their particular island habitat. Darwin's observations at this location greatly influenced his formation of his theory of natural selection:

a. the Canary Islands. b. Africa. c. the Hawaiian Islands. d. the Galapagos Islands. e. Brazil.

Biology & Microbiology

Which cell does NOT have a nucleus in humans?

a. erythrocytes b. lymphocytes c. neutrophils d. eosinophils e. macrophages

Biology & Microbiology

A new vaccine for the upcoming flu season is developed from an influenza isolate designated A/Shanghai/2/2013(H7N9). This nomenclature means the isolate is

A) a type A with antigens HA 7 and NA 9 isolated in Shanghai in February 2013. B) a type A with 7 HA antigens and 9 NA antigens isolated in Shanghai in February 2013. C) the second type A strain with HA 7 and NA 9 antigens isolated in Shanghai in 2013. D) a type B strain with antigens HA 7 and NA 9, first isolated in February 2013. E) a hybrid of 2 type As combining 7 HA and 9 NA antigens, created in February 2013.

Biology & Microbiology