Discuss Erdrich's use of first person narrator. How does this type of narrator have an impact on the story?
What will be an ideal response?
Answers will vary
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Directions: Read the following passage and then answer questions 1–10. Although precise statistics are hard to come by, experts guess that about one out of every five smokers doesn’t smoke every day. If you’re one of these so-called “social 1 smokers,” you probably believe that your behavior is unlikely to cause any harm. Are you right? Here’s what the research says about social smoking. Social smokers smoke more than they think. Although gathering precise data is challenging, researchers find that most self-described social smokers actually smoke a 2 few cigarettes per day. One nicotine addiction specialist notes that people who smoke just one or two cigarettes a week—true social smokers—are very rare indeed. Social smoking leads to addiction. Tobacco researchers point out that the majority of social smokers are on the road to addiction. Initially they may only bum a cigarette from friends occasionally, but soon they find themselves bumming cigarettes more 3 often. It’s only a matter of time before they find themselves buying a pack a week, then two or three packs a week. Although they believe that they can quit whenever they want, on average, social smokers end up addicted, and smoking for years. One-third of people who have ever tried smoking become daily smokers. Social smoking increases risk of cardiovascular disease. Studies have shown an increased risk of cardiovascular disease at all levels of smoking. Moreover, smoking begins to exert this effect—causing fatal heart attacks and strokes—as early as age 35. The risk is especially acute for women who also use a hormonal method of birth control (pills, patch, etc.). One mechanism by which smoking, even at low levels, promotes 4 heart disease is by causing inflammation and dysfunction of the lining of blood vessels. In one study, young, healthy people who smoked less than one pack per week were found to have a 35% reduction in blood vessel functioning compared with nonsmokers. Social smoking increases cancer risk. Tobacco smoke itself is a carcinogen, as are at least 69 of its component chemicals. Because inherited genetic variations influence cancer rates, as do other determinants such as diet, stress, etc., the influence of social smoking on cancer promotion is difficult to determine. However, any level of 5 smoking increases the frequency of DNA mutations known to be associated with cancer. And the risk of cancer is more closely tied to the number of years you’ve smoked—at any level—than to the number of cigarettes smoked per day. As one expert put it, you wouldn’t go out to your car four times a week and inhale exhaust fumes. But that’s the health equivalent of smoking cigarettes four times a week. The bottom line? There is no safe level of exposure to cigarette smoke. If you smoke at all, you are at increased risk of nicotine addiction, cardiovascular disease, 6 cancer, and other illnesses. Get help, and quit. a. Social Smokers. b. Cancer Risks. c. Tobacco Research. d. Cardiovascular Disease.
What is the difference between regular and irregular verbs?
What will be an ideal response?
Which sentence is correct, clear, and concise?
A) I enjoy going to Little League games because the parents are fun to watch, the children's enthusiasm, and seeing the children improve. B) I enjoy going to Little League games with the parents are fun to watch and the children getting excited and better at their sport. C) I enjoy going to Little League games because the parents are fun to watch, the children are humorous to see, and the young athletes' improvement is exciting to witness. D) I enjoy going to Little League games especially the parents, the children, and the progress.
A paragraph has this topic sentence: "Visitors to the Bay Area of northern California will find much to enjoy and marvel at in the Golden Gate National Parks." All of the following details would support this topic sentence except:
a. The Golden Gate parklands are home to more than 1,000 types of plants, including many rare and endangered species. b. Alcatraz Island was a maximum-security federal penitentiary before it became one of the most visited parks in the Golden Gate park system. c. The Everglades continue to be one of the most popular tourist destinations for visitors to Florida. d. The Golden Gate Bridge, spanning the entrance to San Francisco Bay, is the centerpiece of the Golden Gate National Parks.